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Jill Ker Conway, president of Smith, echoesthe prevailing view of contemporary technology when she says that" anyone in today's worldwho doesn't understand data processing is not educated. " But she insists that the increasingemphasis on these matters leave certain gaps. Says she:" The very strongly utilitarianemphasis in education, which is an effect of man-made satellites and the coldwar, has really removed from this culture something that was very profound inits 18th and 19th century roots, which was a sense that literacy andlearning were ends in themselves for a democratic republic. "
In contrast to Plato's claim for the socialvalue of education, a quite different idea of intellectual purposes was advocated by the Renaissancehumanists. Overjoyed with theirrediscovery of the classical learning that was thought to havedisappeared during the Dark Ages, they argued that the imparting of knowledgeneeds no justification--religious, social, economic, or political. Its purpose, to the extent that it has one, isto pass on from generation to generation the corpus of knowledge that constitutescivilization. "What could man acquire,by virtuous striving, that is more valuable than knowledge?" askedErasmus, perhaps the greatest scholar of the early 16th century. That idea has acquired a tradition of its own."The educational process has no endbeyond itself," said John Dewey. "It is its own end. "
But what exactly is the corpus of knowledgeto be passed on? In simpler times, it was all included in the medieval universities'Quadrivium ( arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music ) and Trivium(grammar, rhetoric,logic). As recently as the last century,when less than5% of Americans went to college at all, students in New England establishmentswere compelled mainly tomemorize and recite various Latin texts, and crustyprofessors angrily opposed the introduction of any new scientific discoveriesor modem European languages. "Theyfelt," said regretfully Charles Francis Adams, Jr. , the Union Pacific Railroad presidentwhodevoted his later years to writing history," that a classical educationwas the important distinction between a man who had been to college and a man whohad not been to college, and that anything that diminished the importance ofthis distinction was essentially revolutionary and tended to anarchy. "
The first paragraph shows that Jill Ker Conwayaccepts utilitarian emphasis in education A．wholeheartedly.
B．with reservation.
C．against her own will.
D．with contempt.
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