题目内容:
根据下面资料,回答题 A butterfly's wings can have many jobs besides keeping the insect aloft. They may becalled on to attract mates, to warn potential predators to stay away, to mimic other animalsor even to provide camouflage. All of these roles, though, depend on their colouration--hichis unchanging. This plays into the idea that butterfly wings are dead tissue, like a bird'sfeathers or a mammal's hair. In fact, that is not true.Nanfang Yu, a physicist at Columbia University, in New York, has been looking intothe matter. One of his interests is the optical properties of biological materials. That hasled him to study butterfly wings in more detail. And, in collaboration with Naomi Pierce,a butterfly specialist at Harvard University, he has now shown, in a paper published thisweek in Nature Communications, that butterfly wings are, indeed, very much alive.
Initially, Dr Yu and Dr Pierce wanted to know how the insects keep their body
temperatures up without their wings overheating. Unlike birds and mammals, butterfliesdo not generate enough internal heat to run their metabolisms at full pelt. Instead, theyrely on outside heat sources--usually the sun--to bring their bodies up to speed. But theirwings, being thin protein membranes, have a limited thermal capacity. Those wings cantherefore overheat quickly if the insects bask too long in sunlight, or, conversely, can cool
down too rapidly if they are flying through cold air.
In their experiments, the two researchers used a laser to heat up spots on the wings ofdozens of butterfly species. When the temperature of the area under the laser reached 40~Cor so, the insects responded within seconds by doing things that stopped their wings heating
up further. These actions included a butterfly turning around to minimise its profile to thelaser, flapping its wings or simply walking away.
Butterflies engaged in all of these heat-minimising activities even when the researchersblindfolded them. That suggested the relevant sensors were on the wings themselves. DrYu and Dr Pierce therefore searched those wings for likely looking sensory cells. They foundsome, in the form of.neurons that resembled heat detectors known from other insects. Theyspeculate that these are there to detect deformation of the wing--information an insectcould use to control its flight pattern.The third discovery Dr Yu and Dr Pierce made to contradict the "dead wing"
hypothesis was that some butterfly wings have a heartbeat. Anyone who has looked closelyat a butterfly will know that its wings have veins. These carry a bloodlike fluid calledhaemolymph. For a long time, entomologists thought the only role of the veins was, bybeing pumped full of haemolymph, to inflate the wings to full stretch after a butterflyemerged from its chrysalis. Dr Yu and Dr Pierce have now found that in male hairstreaksthe haemolymph shows a pulse of several dozen beats per minute.
The word "camouflage" (Line 3, Para. 1) is closet in meaning to A.disguise
A.disguise
B.ornament
B.ornament
C.implement
C.implement
D.toxicity
D.toxicity
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