题目内容：
根据下列材料，回答问题。Text 3
Given the fact that each person is only one of approximately 90 million voters in this country, does it make sense to believe that one person's participation, one vote, will have any impact on a major election? Simply to raise the question "What if everyone felt the same way?" does not re-move the lingering impression that a single person is made to feel insignificant by the enormous number of people who do go to the polls, especially in a national election.
Supporters of the ruling elite theory insist that even though voters are given a choice among candidates, their choice is restricted to a narrow range of similar-minded individuals approved by the ruling elite.Elections do not express what most people want or need, nor do they provide guidance for politicians (even if they want it) on what policies to enact.In this view, elections are primarily just rituals that perform a symbolic function for society.
Still, since most people continue to show faces at the polls at one time or another, what argu-ments can be made in favor of voting? One argument is that voting does have significance, if not in individual impact, then in group pressure.Because citizens collectively have the power to give or withhold votes, they directly control the term in office of elected officials.Even if the choice is between Tweedledee and Tweedledum, Tweedledee knows that one must be accountable and this is fixed by law, and that minimally he or she must strive to avoid displeasing the constituents to lose the job.
But perhaps political effectiveness and impact in voting are not the only consideration anyway.People do not vote only to influence policy.Millions go to the effort to register and vote for a variety of other reasons as well.Some people may participate just to avoid feeling guilty about not voting.They may have been taught that is their patriotic duty to vote and that they have no right to complain about the outcome if they stay at home.Still others may vote to derive satisfaction from feeling that they are somehow participants, not just spectators, in an exciting electoral contest.
Even if their one vote may not be crucial to the outcome, it nevertheless affirms their role in and support for the political process.Indeed, perhaps it is this final need that fuels the desire for full democratic participation among people in many nations of the world.
What is the true nature of elections according to the ruling elite theory? A．They are routine practices in a modern society.
B．They are political gathering for a small number of people.
C．They are deceptive schemes manipulated by the ruling party.
D．They are chances for those who want to utter their wishes.
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